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Italy (Rome) 50

STUDI EMIGRAZIONE

MARCH 1998 - VOLUME 35, NUMBER 129

99.50.1 - English - Graeme HUGO, University of Adelaide (Australia)

Globalisation and international migration in Asia (p. 2-47)

As recently as a quarter century ago authoritative overviews of Asia's population did not mention international migration so minuscule was its scale. This situation has changed dramatically and population movements between nations are not only having a profound influence on the demography of many Asian countries but also are having profound economic, social and political impacts. The present paper attempts to summarise the major contemporary trends in international migration in Asia and how this is related to the rapid demographic transition occurring across most of the region. The diversity of types of mobility is one of the striking features of Asian international migration and developments in each major type is discussed in the paper. lt is then argued that there are elements within the Asian migration system that give it a momentum which to some extent operates outside of the influence of economic and political trends. Finally some emerging issues in Asian international migration are briefly addressed. These include the scale and effects of remittances, the feminisation of migration, undocumented migration, increasing government involvement and brain drain issues. (ASIA, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, INTRAREGIONAL MIGRATION, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION)

99.50.2 - Italian - Vincenzo CESAREO, Fondazione Cariplo per le Iniziative e lo Studio sulla Multietnicit? (Italy)

Migration, development and cooperation resources (Le migrazioni, risorsa per lo sviluppo e la cooperazione) (p. 49-64)

The essay analyses the complex relationship between migrations and development. It also produces an interesting approach to migration, which is being read as a relation process, within a wider definition of development. As international literature has already established, economic and social development and its consequences both for the country of origin and the receiving society are being influenced by various factors such as conditions under which emigration and immigration take place, available information and training, migrants' legal status, recognition of their associations, co-ordination of international and local policies, integration processes, just to mention a few relevant ones. Particular attention is given to migrants' remittances and the many ways they affect development processes, as it is shown by field research conducted in Italy. The study aims at overcoming the traditional connection between international cooperation, development and subsequent declining of migrations flows, in order to favour a concept of development not 'without' migrations, but 'through' migrations. According to this view migrants themselves can be referred to as active agents of development and changes. (MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT)

99.50.3 - English - Antonio GOLINI and Salvatore STROZZA, Department of Demography, La Sapienza University of Rome (Italy)

Immigration and foreign people in six Italian metropolitan areas (p. 65-86)

The study deals with size, main features (citizenship, sex and age) and legal status (settled and semi-settled legal migrants, illegal or irregular migrants) of foreign population in six Italian metropolitan areas (Rome, Milan, Turin, Naples, Bologna and Palermo). Available data and their reliability are first analysed. The six metropolitan provinces reveal a very high concentration of foreign population, Rome and Milan in particular. The general picture is that of an increasing concentration of foreign residents in the capital city, but at the same time of the growing scattering in the metropolitan municipalities. Estimates for illegal or irregular migrants, obtained by applying the shares of illegality emerged from sample surveys to the regular stock, suggest that the percentage of illegal and irregular immigrants is particularly high in the provinces of Rome and Naples and is mainly connected with flows from Eastern Europe and North Africa. According to the findings of the study, the six metropolitan areas concerned are bound to take the right approaches to foreign communities in order to foster the best integration processes for the new ethnic minorities. (ITALY, IMMIGRANTS, ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS, AGGLOMERATIONS, GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, URBAN ATTRACTION)

99.50.4 - Italian - Luca PIRAS, Ministero del Lavoro e della Previdenza Sociale, Direzione Provinciale del Lavoro di Viterbo (Italy)

Analysis of immigrants behaviour towards labour market (Analisi sul comportamento lavorativo dello straniero) (p. 87-98)

The article analyses the social, economic and theoretical dynamics which cause the non-EU immigrant workers to adopt specific work patterns to increase their own integration into the labour market of the host country. This requires an availability on the part of the immigrants to a vast range of jobs, working conditions and lack of a proper contract which are unacceptable by local workers. This situation may also create replacement phenomena in some specific areas. The higher profits gained by firms as a consequence of this, as well as the availability of a flexible labour market, is to be found only in illegal situations and feeds the demand for this category of non-EU workers. The article deals also with the social integration processes which alter this working behaviour as well as the phenomenon of specific offers to newly arrived immigrants, which, in turn, generates high turn-over levels in the firms with the expulsion of the more integrated immigrants. (EUROPE, IMMIGRANT WORKERS, LABOUR MARKET, INTEGRATION, WORKING CONDITIONS)

99.50.5 - Italian - Gaetano PAROLIN, CSER, Via Dandolo, 58 - 00153 Roma (Italy)

The Procession of Our Lady of Mount Carmel and the Italian 'Fiesta' in London (La processione della Madonna del Carmine e la sagra italiana di Londra) (p. 99-125)

This anthropological essay applies the categories of semiotics and ritual process to the Procession of Our Lady of Mount Carmel and the Italian 'Fiesta' in London. The annual event is the biggest function of the Italian community in London and has been taking place for more than 100 years in what was once known as the London's Little ltaly. Surprisingly, the analysis has shown the richness of values and meanings which constitute the cultural identity of the Italian community and are symbolically performed throughout the event. On the one hand, shared values or cultural identity can be defined as liminality and anti-structure. On the other hand they are of fundamental importance: for the migrants' active integration into the structure of the wider social context. The aim of the study is to give a contribution to the present debate concerning the relationship between ethnic identities and pluricultural societies. (ANTHROPOLOGY, IMMIGRANTS, CULTURE, VALUE SYSTEMS, CULTURAL CONTACTS, INTEGRATION)

99.50.6 - Italian - Katia MARCANTONIO, Universit? degli Studi di l'Aquila (Italy)

Italian migration in Ireland (L'emigrazione italiana in Irlanda) (p. 127-135)

The principal aim of this brief essay is to examine the unkown phenomena of Italian migration in Ireland, considered itself a country of ?migr?. It is quite impossible to examine the history of Italian community through pages of diaries, recollections or books, written in handwriting, because the majority of them were, unfortunately, illiterate. Today, the Italians in 'Erin's Isle' are divided between those originately from the area around Frosinone, especially from Casalattico, and involved in the catering trade and those from other parts of Italy. The words 'fish and chips' and 'chipper' automatically bring to mind Italians, because many Irish people used to visit chipper after an evening in the pub, few decades ago. (IRELAND, ITALY, IMMIGRANTS, MIGRATION HISTORY, INTEGRATION)

JUNE 1998 ? VOLUME 35, NUMBER 130

99.50.7 - English - Lelio M?RMORA, IOM Regional Representative for the Southern Cone of Latin America

International migration: World order or disorder? (p. 199-214)

Starting from the context of policy enforcement the article analyzes the interplay with the world economic and political situation, cultural characteristics, migration's functionality and management degrees. The author proposes a realistic approach to the varying complexity of migratory issues, which are neither simple nor threatening. He rejects the ploys behind alarmism and in turn reveals the actual threat: that, as a result of wrong management, migrations cease to be the cause of problems and become a social conflict. The basic hypothesis holds that in comparative terms, current international movements are considerably less than movements in the early stages of the century and that migratory impacts are overrated. As a matter of fact, the economic-social "disorder" where migration is embedded is the real determinant of migratory disfunctionality and subsequent exit-entry restraints and expulsions on the side of receiving and sending countries. (INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, MIGRATION POLICY)

99.50.8 - Italian - Daniela ROTOLONE, Universit? " La Sapienza ", Rome (Italy)

Mobility within the European Union countries after the Maastricht treaty (La mobilit? tra i paesi dell'Unione Europea dopo Maastricht: alcuni spunti di riflessione) (p. 215-228)

After the Maastricht treaty, obstacles to workers' free movement have almost completely been removed and the new European citizenship has been established. This means that citizens are free to stay, work, study and reside in any country of the European Union. This also means that migration flows are likely to increase among the member States. However, the analysis of those flows, which different systems of data collecting make it very difficult, reveals that only a few categories of people are involved in mobility, in connection with a global decreasing of mass movements. (EUROPE, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY)

99.50.9 - French - Marie-Claude BLANC-CHALEARD, CEDEI, Paris (France)

Italians living in Paris at the end of 19th century (Les Italiens ? Paris ? la fin du XIXe si?cle (1880-1914)) (p. 229-250)

In the 1880's the Parisian region becomes an important destination point for immigrants arriving mainly from the Italian Northern regions. The essay analyses their settlement patterns taking into consideration two different city areas: the faubourg Saint-Antoine and the small suburban town of Nogent-sur-Marne. Different integration patterns from 1880 till 1914 are highlighted. Common factors as well as differences are identified and are related to the Parisian melting-pot model. (FRANCE, CAPITAL CITY, ITALY, HISTORY, MIGRANT ASSIMILATION)

99.50.10 - espagnol - Hern?n OTERO, IEHS ? Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina)

"Avid men of well-being..." Spaces, cities and migrants in the Argentine statistics: 1869-1914 (Hombres ?vidos de bienestar... Espacios, ciudades y migrantes en la estad?stica censal argentina, 1869-1914) (p. 251-276)

The essay deals with statistics of the Argentine mid-19th century Censuses, the way in which they conceived the national space (administrative and urban-rural segmentation) and how they interpreted modern migrations. The following results are among the main conclusions of the study: a basic and uniform pattern is applied to migration; urban population is always over-estimated; the pull factors are almost exclusively responsible for the way in which mobility is interpreted; the intellectual Argentine ?lite's dominant liberalism bears great influence on defining the pattern of a structural balance which accounted for lack of information and favoured the image of migration as a "natural", "unavoidable" and "harmonious" fact. (ARGENTINA, HISTORY, MIGRATION MEASUREMENT)

99.50.11 - French ? Yves FRENETTE, Coll?ge universitaire Glendon, York University, Toronto (Canada), and Martin P?QUET, Universit? de Moncton, Moncton, NB (Canada)

From Sonderweg of Survivance to narrative of science and normality. Historiography of French Canadians and their descendants (Du Sonderweg de la Survivance au r?cit de la science et de la normalit?. Bibliographie raisonn?e des ?tudes historiques sur les Canadiens fran?ais et leurs descendants) (p. 277-298)

The historiography of French Canadians and their descendants reflects the interests and preoccupations of contemporaries. Since the 1960's, the narrative of cultural survival has been progressively replaced by a more self-described scientific discourse that insists on structures and theoretical perspectives. The historical discourse has also become more sensitive to the sociocultural, economic and political exchanges stemming from Western modernization, and it has put forward the essentially normal character of North American francophone societies. However, and with varying degrees, studies on French Canadians and their descendants have almost always at their core the paradigm of identity. The present article traces this evolution, dividing historical production into syntheses and thematic studies (territories, self and the other, life and death, solidarities, "imaginaires" and "collective memories"). (CANADA, HISTORY, BIBLIOGRAPHIES)

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